I was born in New York City. After Dartmouth College (Eng.), I went to Columbia's College of Physicians and Surgeons. I interned in straight internal medicine at an associated hospital on Manhattan, and then did three years of general surgery, two of them in the Air Force, one of the later in Vietnam during the Tet offensive. I then did a four year residency in Urology at the Columbia-Presbyterian medical center where I won three prizes for research essays. After ten years of private practice in the New York area, I spent 15 years in the Veterans Administration just as the World War II veterans were presenting their prostate cancers. I published a paper when with the V.A. on prostate cancer in the British Journal of Urology. This journal turns down 80% of its submissions. Since becoming fully vested, I have done 4.25 years in private practice in Wyoming and a year back in California.